3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic Acid, Acid, Gallic, Gallic Acid
| Name | Gallic acid | ||
| PubChem CID | 370 | ||
| Molecular Weight | 170.12g/mol | ||
| Synonyms |
3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic Acid, Acid, Gallic, Gallic Acid |
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| Formula | C₇H₆O₅ | ||
| SMILES | C1=C(C=C(C(=C1O)O)O)C(=O)O | ||
| InChI | 1S/C7H6O5/c8-4-1-3(7(11)12)2-5(9)6(4)10/h1-2,8-10H,(H,11,12) | ||
| InChIKey | LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N | ||
| CAS Number | 149-91-7 | ||
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL288114 | ||
| ChEBI ID | CHEBI:30778 | ||
| KEGG ID | C01424 | ||
| Toxicity | Organism | Test Type | Route(Dose) |
| rat | LD50 | intraperitoneal(165 mg/kg) | |
| mouse | LD50 | intraperitoneal(254 mg/kg) | |
| rat | LD50 | oral(322 mg/kg) | |
| Structure | 
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Download
2D
MOL
3D
MOL
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| Chineses Pinyin | WenJing | ||
| Use Part | Aerial parts | ||
| Habitat | HeiLongJiang, JiLin, LiaoNing, BeiJing, TianJin, HeBei, ShanXi, NeiMengGu, Shaanxi, XinJiang, ShanDong, JiangSu, AnHui, JiangXi, HuBei, HuNan, SiChuan, GuiZhou, XiZang | ||
| Species |
>Kingdom: Viridiplantae
-->Phylum: Streptophyta
-->Class: Equisetopsida
-->Order: Equisetales
-->Family: Equisetaceae
-->Genus: Equisetum
-->Species: Equisetum arvense
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| Pair Name | Gallic acid, Cisplatin | |||
| Partner Name | Cisplatin | |||
| Disease Info | [ICD-11: 2C73] | Ovarian Cancer | Investigative | |
| Gene Regulation | Up-regulation | Expression | CASP3 | hsa836 |
| In Vitro Model | A2780S | Ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_4863 |
| A2780/CP70 | Ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_0135 | |
| Result | These data suggest that GA may help overcome the resistance. Hence, the cytotoxic effects of GA, especially on chemo-resistant ovarian cancer cells merit further investigation. | |||
| Pair Name | Gallic acid, Cisplatin | |||
| Partner Name | Cisplatin | |||
| Disease Info | [ICD-11: 2C60] | Breast cancer | Investigative | |
| Biological Phenomena | Induction-->Apoptosis | |||
| In Vitro Model | MCF-7 | Invasive breast carcinoma of no special type | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_0031 |
| MCF-10A | Healthy | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_0598 | |
| Result | The study showed that GA has the potential to exert the cytotoxic effects of CPT on human breast adenocarcinoma cells. Cytotoxicity of GA on cancer cells is through the induction of apoptosis and by reducing the risk of chromosomal damage. Hence, the combination of CPT and GA could represent a promising alternative therapy for breast cancer treatment with reduced doses and minimal side effects. | |||
| Pair Name | Gallic acid, Cisplatin | |||
| Partner Name | Cisplatin | |||
| Disease Info | [ICD-11: 2C25] | Lung cancer | Investigative | |
| Gene Regulation | Up-regulation | Expression | BAX | hsa581 |
| Down-regulation | Expression | BCL2 | hsa596 | |
| Down-regulation | Phosphorylation | JAK1 | hsa3716 | |
| Down-regulation | Phosphorylation | STAT3 | hsa6774 | |
| In Vitro Model | A-549 | Lung adenocarcinoma | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_0023 |
| Result | GA enhanced the anticancer effect of Pira on K562 and K562/Dox cancer cells through cellular energy status impairment, and was able to reverse drug resistance in living K562/Dox cancer cells by inhibiting the function of P‑glycoprotein. | |||
| Pair Name | Gallic acid, Doxorubicin | |||
| Partner Name | Doxorubicin | |||
| Disease Info | [ICD-11: 2B33.4] | Leukemia | Investigative | |
| Gene Regulation | Down-regulation | Expression | ABCB1 | hsa5243 |
| In Vitro Model | K-562 | Blast phase chronic myelogenous leukemia | Homo sapiens (Human) | CVCL_0004 |
| Result | GA enhanced the anticancer effect of Pira on K562 and K562/Dox cancer cells through cellular energy status impairment, and was able to reverse drug resistance in living K562/Dox cancer cells by inhibiting the function of P‑glycoprotein. | |||
| No. | Title | Href |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Addition of Gallic Acid Overcomes Resistance to Cisplatin in Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2022 Aug 1;23(8):2661-2669. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.8.2661. | Click |
| 2 | Gallic acid: a polyphenolic compound potentiates the therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin in human breast cancer cells. Toxicol Res (Camb). 2023 Jun 6;12(4):544-550. doi: 10.1093/toxres/tfad041. | Click |
| 3 | Gallic acid has anticancer activity and enhances the anticancer effects of cisplatin in non‑small cell lung cancer A549 cells via the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway. Oncol Rep. 2019 Mar;41(3):1779-1788. doi: 10.3892/or.2019.6976. | Click |
| 4 | Gallic acid enhances pirarubicin‑induced anticancer in living K562 and K562/Dox leukemia cancer cells through cellular energetic state impairment and P‑glycoprotein inhibition. Oncol Rep. 2021 Oct;46(4):227. doi: 10.3892/or.2021.8178. | Click |
